Women and Work in Preindustrial Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Women and Work in Preindustrial Europe - Essay Example Yet, with the importance of their work and the need that it filled, it was most often relegated to a lower status and was maintained servile to the power structure that it served. Most women during this period worked in occupations that were done at or near the home. The need to maintain a family life often kept them oscillating between short periods of employment and the duties of motherhood. Out of convenience and necessity, a woman's choice of occupations was limited from birth. As Hanawalt observes, "The division of labor by sex was set early in a child's life" (8). A woman's dowry would be the initial contribution that women would make to the economy. It was most often used to set up the household, and then used to keep it running (Hanawalt 17). The tilling of soil was a solely male domain, while women became the bakers, cooks, tailors, and thread makers. This was done to support the home life and generate supplemental income. The brewing of ale, to be used in the home, was a typical example of a steady outside income, as was spinning thread (Hanawalt 11). While the woman's dowry and marriage became a pooled resource to support a family, slavery was an institution that supported the manors and generated a source of unskilled labor. Though oppressive, slavery was, as Sturad remarks, "... an acceptable alternative to for the organization of unskilled labor through the medieval period" (39). The slave system provided the labor for processing goods for export, as governesses, and wet nurses. Women were given special respect based on a complex system that was defined by skill and rank. Caring for children was a valued skill and the ability to provide breastmilk to newborns was economically rewarded. The system of slavery, while filling a societal need with efficiency, was overwhelmingly populated by women. In Ragusa during the years 1280-1284, the ranks of the slaves were as high as 90% female (Stuard 44). A woman's contribution to the economy was often hidden behind the most visible signs of commerce and the layers of male dominance. However, there were professions that enabled women to climb in status through occupational work. Nursing was especially valued. The 4 year apprenticeship required for nurses and the bonuses given to accept apprentices relate the importance that the beginning 16th century placed on the skill. The occupation was wide in scope demanding nurses to perform as back up medical assistants during plague epidemics (Weisner 105). While the occupations that were very gender specific were often rewarding for women, often women were excluded from the normal channels of commerce. The crafts were generally maintained as a male dominion as was membership in most guilds. Though not legally barred from entering crafts, a woman would most likely enter the field through her family's or husband's business. The same was true of the status gained by entering a trade, as it would be lower than the male membership. Where wealthier men had even greater dominance, such as Exeter, organizations were formed that effectively barred women's participation by excluding them from select groups. Markets and commerce were not banned by law, but the prejudice of tradition as Kowaleski observed, "...effectively blocked any real chance of commercial success" (155). Single women and wives could rarely escape the lower status granted to them unless they married into a status.

Personal aspect of your own Hero's Journey Assignment

Personal aspect of your own Hero's Journey - Assignment Example From the Hero’s journey, I believe ‘The Road of the Trials’ is aptly driven to make me understand the nuances that I had to go through. These essentially included the basis of a series of tests, tasks and ordeals that I had to undergo in order to start my transformation. The incident basically started from the ideology that all aspiring candidates were asked to give in their completed forms and thus finish the documentation process so that any issues that might arise within the future were tackled in an amicable fashion. Since I have always been one of those individuals who believe in getting their work done before time, I was astounded to know that I will not be allowed to take the test for the university that I was willing to be a part of in the coming times. This was a serious setback for me and I had to make amends for it at the earliest. I had to think and think fast because this was much needed. My actions were supposed to be based on pure logic because these were essential to reach a conclusion. I spoke to one of my good friends who were already a part of this university, advising me to get in touch with an individual who shall help me out. I did so without any hesitation, taking along the photocopied versions of my completed documentation fo rms for the university. This proved as the decisive blow because I was able to get in touch with the right person who would help me out. I told him the entire story and apprised him of the mistake that the university officials had undertaken. He went through my whole documentation process and asked me to get in touch with him the next day. I did so and was glad to know that he had spoken to the relevant people who would allow me to sit for the university exam because my documentation was correct and I had contacted someone who knew how things were conducted in a

The Strategic Planning Process At United Parcel Commerce Essay

The Strategic Planning Process At United Parcel Commerce Essay UPSs primary business is the delivery time identification of packages and documents worldwide. In recent years, UPS has extended their service portfolio to include less than truck transportation (mainly in the U.S.) and supply chain services. UPS reports its operations divided into three parts: U.S. Domestic Package operations, International Package operations, and Supply Chain transportation activities. Based on the Case study, the purpose of this report is to answer the following questions: Identify the strategic problems and opportunities that exist at United Parcel Service and discuss a coherent set of actions that will address these. What are the potential problems involved in implementing these actions Critically assess the approach to the Strategic Planning process at United Parcel Identify the strategic problems and opportunities that exist at United Parcel Service and discuss a coherent set of actions that will address these. SWOT is an acronym of the internal strengths and weaknesses of a company and the opportunities and threats to the environment in which the company is facing. SWOT analysis is a widely used technique through which managers create a quick overview of the companys strategy. This technique is based on the assumption that an effective strategy derives from a sound fit between a companys internal resources (strengths and weaknesses) and its external situation (the opportunity and threat). An appropriate maximum strength and opportunities of the business and minimize the weaknesses and threats of it. This simple assumption has a strong impact on the design of a successful strategy, United Parcel Service UPS offers transportation services, primarily in domestic and international mail and package delivery Packet through its subsidiaries, it also provides transportation, logistics and specialized financial services company is one of the largest companies provide packages in the world, in terms of revenue and volume. UPS is one of the leading providers of less than trucking service. size large operations of the company allows it to cater to a large customer base in the international market. However, the increase in fuel prices can have a direct impact on corporate profits by causing an increase in the cost of operation of the UPS. Strengths à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Sustainability: UPS is the environmental leader in the U.S. package delivery industry. UPS to reduce its carbon emissions through integrated network, modern air fleet, alternative fuel sources, and extensive use of the tracks.   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Network: UPS has a network of established and continue to invest in network expansion, especially in China.   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Superior Financial Strength: UPS is known for maintaining high operating margins than its competitors.  It is highly profitable, the average ROE of 28% in six years.   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Value of dividends Strength: has consistently increased dividends every year except 2009, in which it is held constant.  Since 2000, the ratio of annual dividends have increased by an average of 2.53%.   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Brand equity: UPS is synonymous with the delivery of parcels.  Brown tones of the delivery truck and logo is iconic for the distribution industry. Weaknesses Awareness of traffic ground instead of overnight Heavy union presence Lag Brand: While the brown trucks of UPS recognized, who cannot have a complete picture of the full capacity of the UPS. Trade unions: the labor force of the UPS is unionized and thus affect the labor cost of the UPS. The threat to strike UPS can cause pressure to increase wages. Debt: UPS has a higher ratio of financial debt compared to its competitors Opportunities: Expansion of online shopping The emergence of the international middle class Business to business growth: increase B-to-B growth will help to expand operating profit due to economy of scale. Asian markets: By increasing the expectations of customers higher quality products, UPS scalability in a fragmented Asian market. They first entered the market by working with key business players in the market with a focus on export / import. After that, they will pursue acquisitions and more of a domestic drama. Logistics Business Solutions: UPS promote its network by providing logistics solutions for the retail and manufacturing companies. Business has been growing double-digit expansion before the crisis and in 2009 revenues decreased 20%. However, this has recently reversed by We Love Logistics campaign. Global healthcare distribution network: the new facilities are being added to the U.S., Asia, Europe, and Canada to adapt to the rapid growth in the medical field. Productivity growth: While DHL, market prices down, leaving the U.S. parcel market more than two years ago, we believe that pricing power is partly delayed after shipment contracts often is 1-3 years. So UPS can be increased margins by controlling prices. U.S. mail volume decline: Over the past 10 years, USPS has steadily lost market share to UPS and FedEx. Continue their decline may benefit modest volume for UPS Threats à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Rising fuel prices: UPS fuel surcharge in the domestic and international package and LTL services as their primary means of reducing the risk of adverse changes in fuel prices. They also periodically on the option contracts on energy commodities to manage price risk with forecasted transactions related to refined fuels such as jet fuel. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ challenging weather conditions: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Bad weather can damage the quality and efficiency in delivery impact. In addition, bad weather can affect retail sales and other groups UPS partner that could hurt sales. While the UPS cannot control the weather, they have improved their tracking platform for customers by providing more information and provide an updated time for customers in case of any delay doubt. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Currency Headwinds: headwind currency in their international business can affect inflation costs. However, UPS has delivered the strong cost that we believe make them competitive with others in the industry. With over a century of experience, we believe that UPS has specialized in foreign currency hedging activities using the derivate financial instruments such as forward currency contracts and currency options. What are the potential problems involved in implementing these actions Porters five forces Porters Five Forces will be used to determine industry competition as well as the strategic impact on Apple. New Entrants- Low à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ UPS has established brand equity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Long-term contracts with corporate customers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Capital intensive industries related to aircraft, vehicles, software, and storage Replace Medium à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Some customers have needs not time sensitive logistics can trade down using the slower delivery options and less expensive, such as USPS à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Companies can create their own housing in the supply chain and logistics solutions rather than outsourcing work with a company like UPS à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Threats to business mail delivery as a result of a movement to electronic documents Power supply Low UPS does not rely on specific suppliers for their business activities outside the major capital costs Buyer Power Medium Smaller customers are less likely to negotiate the price for fixed price Larger companies using the full range of logistics solutions have pricing power due to their ability to negotiate long-term contracts Competitive rivalry -Private postal companies à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Federal Express Most government agencies support à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ USPS à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Deutsche Post Until 1994, UPS has mainly focused on continuously improving their operations that they have to compromise on quality and customer service. Many analysts noted that UPS did not pay attention to the needs of the customer and customer satisfaction. In 1994, due to increasing competition, UPS recognized the need to have many customers meet and embark on a major transformation initiatives of the company. This case gives a detailed overview of the various human resource initiatives UPS à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Nearest competitor, FedEx, similar services in the freight and logistics business à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ UPS focused on overseas growth and expansion of business supply chain à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ be able to compare prices in the industry Critically assess the approach to the Strategic Planning process at United Parcel They have invested in the core business of worldwide distribution and logistics. The company is building capacity in the integration of goods, funds, and information. They use technology to create new services. They began to attract talented people. Study customer behavior and predict their needs. Practice innovation leads to growth. Build an environment that allows them to treat each customer as if he was the only one. We believe that UPS has high potential in the fragmented Asian emerging markets such as China, Malaysia obvious its recent expansion in 2010 and bought seven new aircraft in 2011. Air Freight transportation is developed here. UPS has high interest activities and will earn higher profits when the economy recovers and Have the right to set higher prices in 2012 and 2013. UPS developing supply chain and transportation division, using customized logistics solutions. While they have been used for many retail and high-tech companies, they are branching out into the market global distribution of health care, we believe there is high growth potential for distributed this song. In January, UPS announced the expansion of health care facilities in Kentucky, Singapore, the Netherlands, and Canada. UPS operates in a competitive environment with their direct competitors just FedEx. Developments in the past have shown that they are able to set the price on the exchange rate as well as pass along higher costs in the business, such as energy prices rise. The companys financial strength has allowed them to generate stable cash flow through all business segments of business EPS is expected to reach the highest of all time

Jurassic Park Essay -- Jurassic Park Dinosaurs Movies Essays

Jurassic Park The story of Jurassic Park was written about fourteen years ago by a man named Michael Crichton. His book has now evolved into three movies of Jurassic Park I, II, and III. Steven Speilberg has taken the story of Crichton is transformed it into one of his action packed, suspense thrillers. The first main theme that makes the story of Jurassic Park is its setting. The setting is a huge factor in the understanding of the story. The story takes place on an isolated island off the coast of Costa Rica that has become a theme park exhibiting prehistoric dinosaurs. Here dinosaurs roam unrestricted. The only restraint they have were gates and fences that could easily be knocked down by the gigantic animals. The island in the book sets an eerie setting. The island is said to be top in security and nothing could go wrong, but it is just a death trap waiting to happen. The reader gets this impression when the helicopter first arrives to the island. The island is referred to hell very often in the book, but the movie does not come out and state it. Rather the movie makes you think that everything will be alright on the island, but the audience knows that something bad is going to happen just because of the setting. Crichton has a master plan to show that the island isn't only hell but a trap. The book tells that once the island becomes chaotic and hectic most of the scientists on the island go their separate ways. It is not so when it comes to the movie. In t...

Neural and Hormonal Mechanisms in Aggression

Neural and Hormonal Mechanisms in Aggression Aggression in humans has been associated with low levels of serotonin and high levels of dopamine. Usually, serotonin has a calming effect, which inhibits aggression. When serotonin levels are low, this inhibitory effect is removed and people are less able to control their aggressive behaviour. Evidence for the importance of serotonin comes from two main sources.Brown (1982) found that there were low levels of the waste products of serotonin in the cerebrospinal fluid of individuals who are prone to impulsive and aggressive behaviour. The second source of evidence is studies where participants were given the drug dexfenfluramine, which reduces levels of serotonin in the brain. Mann (1990) administered dexfenfluramine to male and female participants, and found that males displayed more aggressive response on a questionnaire.A Meta analysis of 29 studies of serotonin and aggression showed that these studies consistently found evidence of low serotonin levels in antisocial children and adults. The levels of serotonin were particularly low in individuals who had attempted suicide, suggesting that low levels of serotonin lead to impulsive behaviour, one consequence of which is aggressive behaviour and, in some individuals, suicide. One of the consequences of low levels of serotonin is that the brain creates more receptors in an attempt to capture any serotonin that is available.This has been shown to be the case in research by Arora and Meltzer (2003), who found elevated levels of serotonin receptors in people who had committed violent suicide, thus supporting the claim that normal levels of serotonin have an inhibitory influence on violent behaviour. Ferrari (2003) showed support for serotonin in aggressive behaviour in an animal study for rats. They allowed rats to fight at the same time every day for 10 days, and not on the 11th day. They found that rats learned from their experience and had raised levels of serotonin in anticipation of having to fight.Serotonin explanation of aggression have been criticised as being reductionist. The link between serotonin and aggression is fairly well established in non-human animals, but the position is less clear in humans, particularly as aggressive behaviour in human is far more complex behaviour, and is subject to social learning, genetics and other factors. Testosterone has been associated with aggressive behaviour, although most studies have been corelational only. A Meta analysis carried out by Archer (1991) found a low positive correlation between testosterone levels and aggression.A study by Kouri (1995), gave participant either testosterone or a placebo. They were told that, by pressing a button they could reduce the amount of cash that another participant was receiving. Those who had received the testosterone pressed the button more than those with the placebo. An advantage of this study is that it made use of the experimental method, so allowing th e researchers to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship as researchers manipulated the presence of testosterone to see it effect on aggressive behaviour.An explanation of why testosterone and aggression are linked is the challenge hypothesis. This proposes that testosterone levels only rise above the base level in response to social challenges, such as threats to reproductive success. However, Mazur (1985) criticizes this explanation, claiming that individuals only act to assert dominance, which can be expressed in many different ways, of which aggression is one. There is also a gender bias in research on testosterone and aggression, as research typically tends to concentrate only on the role of testosterone on males.However, Archer (2005) found that the association between testosterone and aggression was even stronger for females. An additional problem is that research evidence is far from conclusive, with some studies showing no significant difference between violent and non- violent criminals (Bain et al. 1987), although another study found that most violent criminals had higher testosterone levels than less violent criminals (Kreuz and Rose 1972). This suggests that among individuals who are already predisposed towards violence, testosterone may be an additional influence that makes aggressive behaviour more likely.

University of Phoenix Material: Appendix C

University of Phoenix Material Appendix C Part I Define the following terms: Term| Definition| Discrimination| * This is the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons. * | Institutional discrimination| * This is the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals or groups, resulting from normal operations of a society. * | Political correctness| * This can also be called political correct, this is a term which denotes language, ideas, policies, and behavior, seeking to minimize social and institutional offenses in occupations.Such as gender, religion, racial, and sexual orientation. * | Part II * Write a 150- to 250-word response to each of the following questions: * * How is discrimination different from prejudice and stereotyping? * Discrimination is different from prejudice and stereotyping by that of discrimination actually takes action. Whereas prejudice and stereotyping are more of making assumpti on of a person or a race, assuming that they are one way due to their ethnicity or what they heard about them before getting to know them.Discrimination as I stated actually takes action there are so many different types of discrimination that actually take place today. Example: Hate crimes- people do these acts based on a person’s race, religion, or sexual preference. With this form familie’s. Another type of discrimination is institutional discrimination this can hinder someone from being hired because of their past or even color. An institution can hire just one race that controls all the laws over a town, and then make it hard for the minority to live since they may not know what it is like to struggle with everyday life. * * * What are the causes of discrimination? * * There are speculations of what causes racism some of this is caused by stereotyping. This can be caused by reading, music, television, and internet, say for instance a young child was watching telev ision or listening to music and saw how people of one ethnicity acted they may then assume all are like this causing them to discriminate against another race. Another factor of discrimination can be unfamiliarity there is a saying- people fear what they do not know, or yet to find out about.Some people are afraid to go out and meet new people based on what they hear or watch on television thinking that they are the same as the people they watch. If people grow up only around their race then the chances of them becoming racists and discriminate towards another race then become higher. Environmental factors can also lead to discrimination such as the way a person lives, maintains their property, and how they keep up their appearance. All of this can have a person become hateful towards you, or if they heard a certain race lives a certain way and then sees it, they then believe it and hate the race too. * * How is discrimination faced by one identity group (race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, gender, sexual orientation, age, or disability) the same as discrimination faced by another? How are they different? Discrimination faced by one group is the same as discrimination faced by another by wanting it to stop. Not one ethnicity wants to be discriminated against, or have their children, wives, and family walk in fear not knowing if something is going to happen to them. Any race wants to live the same as any other race, safe, and peacefully, not having to fear tomorrow.Races that are discriminated against also can be the same as the other race by spreading the word of what is going on, and helping people who have this problem finding ways to conquer it. They can be different by many ways such as the way a race handles the discrimination. Some can act out by hurting people, retaliating, and teaching their children to do the same. Others can handle it in a nonresponsive way by ignoring it and turning the other cheek. Some may call the police and let them handle it, w hile others take it into their own hands.

Mercantilism and its effects on the colonies essays

Mercantilism and its effects on the colonies essays In retrospect, America was inevitably a revolutionary force from the day of its discovery. America was a home for the latest thoughts and ideas about the nature of society, citizens, and government, and more often then not, conflicting ideas on how to manage the world would potentially create unpleasant surroundings. An example of this was when the British authorities embraced a theory known as mercantilism, that justified their control over the colonies, which would go on to be greatly resented by the American colonists. Mercantilism is the theory and system of political economy prevailing in Europe after the decline of feudalism, based on national policies of accumulating gold, establishing colonies and a merchant marine, and developing industry and mining to attain a favorable balance of trade. Mercantilists supposed that wealth was power, and that a countrys economic wealth could be calculated by the quantity of gold or silver in its countrys treasury. Possessing colonies therefore created distinct advantages, since the colonies could both provide raw materials to the mother country, thus reducing the need for foreign imports, and providing a definite market for exports. The London government saw the American colonists as tenants basically to avoid making for export certain products (beaver hats), who were expected to furnish products needed in the mother country (tobacco, sugar), to buy imported manufactured goods exclusively from Britain, and to not even think about economic independence or se lf-government. What were mercantilisms actual effects on the colonies? Occasionally the Parliament would pass laws to control the mercantilism system. One of these laws was The Navigation Law of 1650, which stated that all trade flowing to and from the colonies could be transported in British ships only. Laws that followed the Navigation Law stated that European goods heading for America had to land in Britain firs...

Free Essays on Plea Bargins

I feel that plea bargains are justice avoided. Prosecutors accept plea-bargains not because the justice system is overworked and understaffed, rather it is the lack of desire to uphold the â€Å"justice† in the justice system. In the article reviewed the statement is made that approximately ninety percent of the cases heard result in plea-bargains rather than going through a full trial. If ninety percent of these cases are accepted plea bargains, the system should be able to â€Å"push through† to the next case; therefor overcrowding of cases shouldn’t exist. It is an escape from being honestly punished for an offense that has been committed to accept a plea, and our â€Å"justice system† does not follow through the values that our Constitution has founded. It is easier for the system to quickly resolve matters, and give persons a lesser criminal sentence and/or record by allowing them to accept a plea bargain, yet it doesn’t serve the punishmen t that is required for the offenses that he/she has committed. Plea-bargaining is more of a slap on the hand and a time out in the corner instead of the true punishments deserved. Our legal system has weakened its core by accepting plea bargains and not truly punishing those who are well deserved of the punishments. Prosecutors uphold their reputations as well as the defense lawyers because both parties are still coming out clean and their parties are receiving what they want versus what they deserve. The defendant gets the lesser sentence which allows he/she to think that they can get away with a lesser punishment and providing them the feeling that if they offend again they will be able to get away with it once more. So, my belief of due process and plea bargaining is that it only repeats the cycle of offend, arrest, accept a plea bargain, go out again and start all over. Plea-bargaining does not instill an understanding of punishment in the offender and this allows the crimi nal cycle... Free Essays on Plea Bargins Free Essays on Plea Bargins I feel that plea bargains are justice avoided. Prosecutors accept plea-bargains not because the justice system is overworked and understaffed, rather it is the lack of desire to uphold the â€Å"justice† in the justice system. In the article reviewed the statement is made that approximately ninety percent of the cases heard result in plea-bargains rather than going through a full trial. If ninety percent of these cases are accepted plea bargains, the system should be able to â€Å"push through† to the next case; therefor overcrowding of cases shouldn’t exist. It is an escape from being honestly punished for an offense that has been committed to accept a plea, and our â€Å"justice system† does not follow through the values that our Constitution has founded. It is easier for the system to quickly resolve matters, and give persons a lesser criminal sentence and/or record by allowing them to accept a plea bargain, yet it doesn’t serve the punishmen t that is required for the offenses that he/she has committed. Plea-bargaining is more of a slap on the hand and a time out in the corner instead of the true punishments deserved. Our legal system has weakened its core by accepting plea bargains and not truly punishing those who are well deserved of the punishments. Prosecutors uphold their reputations as well as the defense lawyers because both parties are still coming out clean and their parties are receiving what they want versus what they deserve. The defendant gets the lesser sentence which allows he/she to think that they can get away with a lesser punishment and providing them the feeling that if they offend again they will be able to get away with it once more. So, my belief of due process and plea bargaining is that it only repeats the cycle of offend, arrest, accept a plea bargain, go out again and start all over. Plea-bargaining does not instill an understanding of punishment in the offender and this allows the crimi nal cycle...

Diets Dont Help to Lose Weight

Diets Dont Help to Lose Weight There’s More to Losing Weight Than Eating Less Change Your Lifestyle! Ask any thin adult on the street if they diet. Go ahead – we’ll wait. †¦ They don’t diet, we told you so. They don’t follow gluten-free diets, diets without bread, or sugar-free diets either. Thin people don’t fast and skip meals and eat like birds. Thin people eat, actually, rather wholesomely and, well, quite a bit. What can help a person lose weight is exercising, eating healthily and mindfully. These are the keys to losing weight – not dieting on the newest celebrity-backed nutrition trends. It comes down to one’s lifestyle, discipline and foresight, and making the right decisions about what their body does, as well as good decisions about what they put in their body. Dieting doesn’t work. Lifestyle changes help lose weight. Exercise a lot! What helps a person, any person, lose weight is exercise – and rigorous exercise. This is jogging or walking briskly for 30 minutes three to five times a week. This is hitting the weight room for an hour three to four times a week. A person needs to move their body because the majority of us life sedentary lives – mostly because of our jobs, which require computers. Rigorous exercise every other day improves one’s metabolism, the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life; the breakdown of complex substances and the consequent production of energy and waste matter. A person with a strong metabolism is generally thin and can consume a great deal of food – they burn it off quickly, the burn many of the unwanted calories they consume in a given day. That’s why exercise is important: it increases the metabolic rate in a person’s body, which makes losing weight easier and more attainable. Diets don’t he lp lose weight; exercise does. Diets may help some folks lose weight – but you can actually lose weight by eating more. That’s right. Diets like Weight Watchers do more harm than good. They require the dieter to eat pre-packaged food that lacks in nutrition and substance. People don’t need that to be healthy and thin. People, to be healthy and thin, need to eat a well-balanced diet – with lots of greens, fruits and proteins, which is what a person’s body needs to function and person at its optimal level. Moderation is good for losing weight, instead of over-eating to the point of discomfort. Foods like cucumbers, leafy greens and berries provide a person energy, but also contain vitamins and minerals that burn fat – such as B vitamins: niacin – and provide a lot of fiber. Fiber is a dietary material containing substances such as cellulose, lignin, and pectin, that are resistant to the action of digestive enzymes. Foods with fiber keep digestion on track, delivering waste via bowel movements. This, in turn, maintains a person’s waste. People need protein, too. It helps build muscles and also prevents a person from cravings, as the protein takes longer to digest. People, to lead healthy, fit lives, need to exercise and eat nutritiously. Eat Not Less But Mindfully! To lose weight, people must eat mindfully and with a plan. Eating well takes planning – research, grocery lists, discipline, and sacrifice – and it’s not necessarily cheap either. But the majority of fruits and veggies are sold relatively cheap in markets and grocery stores. Though meats are a bit more expensive to purchase in quality. Nonetheless, there are many alternatives to meat as one’s only source of protein. In any rate, a person – for their metabolism to kick in full gear, to burn calories early in the day – should eat a big, wholesome breakfast every day, lots of protein, fruit, and grains; perhaps a snack later, dark chocolate or a piece of fruit. Secondly, a moderate lunch, not as large as breakfast – but still with protein and veggies or fruit, maybe a little bread. For dinner, a French dinner: moderate-sized portions, perhaps more veggies than protein. This basically illustrates a pyramid, with the bottom, the widest port ion representing breakfast. But it takes preparation, foresight, and diligence to eat like this – so you lose maximum weight. In conclusion, don’t diet; it doesn’t work. Lifestyle changes help lose weight. Exercising vigorously each week, eating healthily and mindfully – these are the keys to losing weight. Just look at an Olympic athlete. They don’t diet. They burn thousands of calories training each day – but yet they eat like kings. Thin people don’t live by Kate Moss’s famous quote, â€Å"Nothing tastes as good as skinny feels.†

Employee Compensation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Employee Compensation - Essay Example Employee motivation has been found to be closely related to compensation, work environment, and has significant influence on company productivity. People could not be forced to work and any coercion can only lead to conflict. Thus to improve company performance, employees will have to be adequately motivated and in this context we can discuss Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory or Mc Clelland's theory of achievement motivation. An understanding of the motivational dynamics is important for improved company performance although employee compensation seems to play a significant role within the environment and performance criteria. It would be interesting to discuss to what extent employee motivation could be increased or decreased with added compensation and how incentives, bonuses or pay levels could affect the motivational processes at the workplace. Job performance is see as a function of ability and motivation and some of the factors that have been identified as important in the motivational process include one's own advancement in the field and in the job, type of work done and enjoyed by the employees that relate to job satisfaction as well as the company reputation or position of the company that could motivate individuals to keep up the competitive edge. Building up a sense of morale and corporate social responsibility lies at the bottom of increasing employee motivation although the direct factors that seem to affect motivation are in fact largely related to pay benefits and compensation in the form of recognition and material incentives. Company performance is in fact related to how much the employe es are compensated and paid for their efforts and this is also largely related to the extent of motivational factors that work in favor of the employees or the company. Tuzovic and Bruhn (2005) argued that compensation systems are an important tool in fulfilling corporate goals as these systems help to link customer orientation with individual and organizational performance. There are some studies that prove the positive effects of using non financial compensation measures although linking pay to customer satisfaction may not always be the correct approach according to Tuzovic and Bruhn. Customer satisfaction could be related to customer retention and profitability of the company although the role of reward and compensation has to be identified in a positive way and for this the authors identify the necessity of a holistic reward and performance measurement model that could enable an organization to study the cause effect relationships that could link the rewards given to employees to the non financial performance measures. Tuzovic and Bruhn (2005) provide a framework for a reward system that could allow organizations to understand how a reward stra tegy could be derived. An integrated and multi-dimensional methodology for performance evaluation has been proposed. Although here the focus is on integration of customer orientation, employee compensation and performance management within the

Write an annotated bibliography of five sources for hydrogen fuel cell

Write an of five sources for hydrogen fuel cell cars - Annotated Bibliography Example Authors in this study highlight diverse aspects related to hydrogen knowhow especially in terms of transportation, conversion and distribution, which experts ought to consider (Corbo, Migliardini & Veneri, 2011). They have also given an analysis of the current and available fuel cell technologies in relation to hydrogen in quest of ascertaining the equipments’ realization of the required efficiency. This source comprises of valid information best for researchers and those who may intend to venture in the field of implementing hydrogen knowhow. In this source, SÃ ¸rensen acknowledges the breakthrough so far made regarding the usage of hydrogen in improving global economy besides safeguarding environment (SÃ ¸rensen, 2012). However, he raises varied and critical concerns regarding emergent knowhow meant to extract hydrogen, store and distribute to various destinies where humanity intends to use it. It is from this perspective that SÃ ¸rensen highlights varied aspects regarding hydrogen knowhow including benefits and obstacles, which the researchers ought to consider. The author of this reference is a global-renowned energy researcher who has offered a rich literature meant for study especially in the energy field (SÃ ¸rensen, 2012). Hwang highlights benefits of utilizing hydrogen as fuel in scooters compared to the tradition traditional based petroleum fuels. According to his study, the new emergent hydrogen knowhow does not pose threat to the environment and it is rapidly replacing petroleum-based fuels. This is because hydrogen cell scooters do not contribute to the emission of GHGs (Hwang, 2012). Therefore, the source’s information is essential in outlining benefits, which the current knowhow posses over the traditional petroleum-based in comparison. Raine in this article reports Europe’s readiness in implementing the Hydrogen knowhow. Since, it is cheap compared to the former fuels especially

Online business opportunity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Online business opportunity - Essay Example The internet is thus imperative in today’s business. The first thing that an individual does to get information about a company’s profile or its products and services is to access its website (Beck, n.d.). The web has a considerably significant influence on how companies interact with each other and their clients or customers. The earlier hurdles of supply chain integration like soaring transaction costs among partners, poor availability of information and the problems of managing complicated interfaces among functional organizations have all got their solution in the internet (Johnson and Wang, 2002). The textile and apparel industry has always been a profitable and lucrative industry and there exists a number of popular brands which have a huge market and a considerable number of regular customers. Hence, setting up a garment company in its simple ways will definitely not be advantageous and profitable until newer ways of marketing and advertising are discovered. Therefore, a new business should exploit all the available information and business opportunities in the market. With this aspect in mind, the possible online business opportunities for a budding garment firm are evaluated and the current and potential market for the company’s products is assessed. The textile and garment industry presently has a worth 400 billion dollars and more in the international market. Due to the globalization of the world economy, the industry has confronted a lot of competition as well as lucrative business opportunities. Reports show that anticipated growth of the textile industry will rise by 25 percent from 2002 to 2010. The industry has been largely uplifted by an increase in the production of natural fibers like silk, wool and cotton. Even though the industry began in the UK and then spread to the rest of Europe and North America, in the present Asian countries like

W8 Exemption PT1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

W8 Exemption PT1 - Essay Example They include history of diplomacy, economics and international system, international law and international system, conflict avoidance, prevention and containment in international system, conflict resolution and post-conflict reconstruction in the international system and military intervention and conflict management in the international system. As evidenced by the number of seminars I had to attend, this programs has been both rigorous and time consuming. I have had to devote my time to conduct additional research on several matters in a bid to consolidate my understanding of the various concepts discussed in the seminars. Nonetheless, putting aside the aspect of time and dedication that was required in the program, it is undeniable that I have learnt so much from these seminars as discussed below. The History of Diplomacy seminar served as an eye-opener of what transpires in political realms as governments strive to strike agreements that require much of compromises. I learnt that t he docket of foreign affairs is critical for any government because it is where allies and enemies are created in international relations. From the historical perspective to contemporary perspective, foreign policy decision-making remains integral component of international political environment (Black, 2011). Through the seminar, I have been able to trace the root of diplomatic efforts in resolution of conflicts between nations. For example, the Peace of Westphalia remains an important event in conflict international negotiations as it served to end 30 years war (1618-1648) that characterized the Roman Empire. In this period, Spain and Dutch Republic were in a state of war. However, after a series of treaties which were signed in Osnabruck and Munster, the two nations resolved to end their destructive and perennial wars (Whaley, 2011). In addition, I have been able to understand the complexity of modern diplomatic procedures. This is especially so because of economic, political and legal themes. The seminar on Economics and international system particularly fell in my area of specialization undertaken in my undergraduate studies. Being a professional in Business Management, studying economics and international system was an extra boost to the knowledge I had already acquired previously. From the seminar, I have been able to understand the impacts of globalizations on world economy and the role of the international institutions such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. After the devastating economic impacts of World War II and the Great Depression, it became evident that the globalized market needed urgent intervention to safeguard it from probable future eventualities (Boughton, 2004). I have learnt that this formed one of the primary reasons as to why United States convened a Bretton Woods, New Hampshire Conference to deliberate on salvaging the global economy. International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank is a product of this conference. Th e unparalleled role played by these international bodies as in the globalized international market is remarkable. I have learnt that protectionism is no longer a path to pursue as liberalized economies are bound to grow faster. Furthermore, through critical thinking and analysis of various reports, I understand why the U.S. is particularly mad with the idea of China manipulating its currency so as to

Starbucks Canada Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Starbucks Canada - Case Study Example There are several important criteria that should be taken into account while assessing various mobile payment options. To begin with, it is the compatibility with the devices that the company and the clients have. It has been mentioned before that a significant number of clients use iPhones, but they will be useless in case Starbucks Canada engages NFC technology. On the other hand, an introduction of the Bluetooth beacons it difficult as well since the company in question does not have them and will have to order them.The second criteria are the amount of money that introduction of technology will cost. For example, should Starbucks Canada rely on the software which was developed in house, it will require the minimum cost for upgrade of the equipment and this will not result in significant expenses? On the other hand, installation of BLE beacons will require the assistance of a professional who is paid $50 per hour. If one multiplies this amount of money by the number of stores that will have to be equipped with beacons, one will realize that it will result in significant expenditures.The cost training of the personnel should also be taken into account. While some options provide an outstanding experience for the customers (they will be able to pay for their coffee without even taking their smartphone out of their pocket), the same option might cause so difficulties for the employees of Starbucks. In order to be able to avoid them, they will have to be trained and this will require both time and money.

Education Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Education - Annotated Bibliography Example The purpose is to help educators cope with the trend of increased scrutiny and testing in America’s public schools. Au, W. (2009). Social Studies, Social Justice: W(h)ither the Social Studies in High-Stakes Testing?Teacher Education Quarterly, 36(1), 43-58. High stakes testing is one of the most prevalent trends in education since the inception of the No Child Left Behind legislation was enacted in 2001. The author, researching from California State University, Fullerton presents findings on how this trend has affected social studies instruction in the classroom. The research reveals that social studies are losing class time in elementary school due to the NCLB mandate for proficiency in Math and Reading only. Other findings include changes in pedagogy in the social studies classroom that place emphasis on memorization of approved content and lessens the focus on critical thinking. This research is valuable in studying the impact of high stakes testing on the one subject that traditionally challenges social and societal assumptions. Baker, B. D., & McIntire, J. Evaluating State Funding for Gifted Education Programs. Roeper Review, 25(4), 173. The authors in this article offer a systematic analysis of Gifted Education spending at the state level. Five methods of funding are examined and explained.The authors then undertake an analysis of laudatory combinations of funding. This is an outstanding article for understanding how children of different ability levels have their needs met or ignored by state funding agencies. The analysis reveals that Virginia has the best system for funding Gifted Education. Baker, M., & Johnston, P. (2010). The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on High Stakes Testing Reexamined. Journal Of Instructional Psychology, 37(3), 193-199. Recent trends in education have seen an increase in high stakes testing as a result of NCLB legislation. All fifty states now utilize high stakes testing to meet NCLB requirements. The authors review the arguments for and against including Social Economic Status as a predictor of high stakes testing ability. The article is valuable for reviewing other studies and analyzing their meanings, but does not offer and new information of this recent educational trend. Boubsil, O., Carabajal, K., & Vidal, M. (2011). Implications of Globalization for Distance Education in the United States. American Journal Of Distance Education, 25(1), 5-20. Globalization and distance education are two recent trends in education. They seem to go hand-in-hand and should lead to the exporting of American style higher education around the world. The authors, writing from the University of Maryland University College and the University of New Mexico, argue that there are some barriers to exporting American higher education overseas. Barriers of language and the perception of American higher education institutions as de facto representatives of Americanism keep the growth in check in some regions. The authors po int out the globally, the demand is present so they predict continued growth despite the barriers. This is a useful and insightful research article dealing with a current recent trend in education. Elen, J., Clarebout, G., Leonard, R., & Lowyck, J. (2007). Student-centered and teacher- centered learning environments: what students think. Teaching In Higher

Starbucks Canada Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Starbucks Canada - Case Study Example There are several important criteria that should be taken into account while assessing various mobile payment options. To begin with, it is the compatibility with the devices that the company and the clients have. It has been mentioned before that a significant number of clients use iPhones, but they will be useless in case Starbucks Canada engages NFC technology. On the other hand, an introduction of the Bluetooth beacons it difficult as well since the company in question does not have them and will have to order them.The second criteria are the amount of money that introduction of technology will cost. For example, should Starbucks Canada rely on the software which was developed in house, it will require the minimum cost for upgrade of the equipment and this will not result in significant expenses? On the other hand, installation of BLE beacons will require the assistance of a professional who is paid $50 per hour. If one multiplies this amount of money by the number of stores that will have to be equipped with beacons, one will realize that it will result in significant expenditures.The cost training of the personnel should also be taken into account. While some options provide an outstanding experience for the customers (they will be able to pay for their coffee without even taking their smartphone out of their pocket), the same option might cause so difficulties for the employees of Starbucks. In order to be able to avoid them, they will have to be trained and this will require both time and money.

Advantages of Computer Essay Example for Free

Advantages of Computer Essay Agriculture is a vital sector of Pakistans economy and accounted for almost 30 percent of GDP annually, according to government estimates. The sector directly supports three-quarters of the countrys population, employs half the labor force, and contributes a large share of foreign exchange earnings. The main agricultural products are cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, and vegetables, in addition to milk, beef, mutton, and eggs. Pakistan depends on one of the worlds largest irrigation systems to support production. The following are the main crops cultivated in Pakistan: Wheat: Wheat is a staple food used in manufacture of baked products. It is grown on Barani lands. Wheat is grown in Punjab, Sindh and some parts of K.P.K for cultivation of wheat. The temperature is favorable from October to May for the production of wheat. It does not need a lot of water. Pakistan is not self sufficient in wheat production and has to import wheat from foreign countries. It accounts for over 70% of gross cereals and over 36% of the country’s acreage is devoted to wheat cultivation. Rice: Rice is a Kharif crop and needs a great deal of water and heat. It is known as â€Å"crop of water†. It is grown in Punjab and Sindh. North-eastern Punjab and Larkana district are main rice growing regions. The Irri, Basmati and desi varieties are grown in Pakistan. Basmati is the most famous variety of rice grown in Pakistan. Its highest acreage is in the north eastern part of Pakistan. Pakistan is the world’s fourteenth largest producer of rice. Pakistan produces about 6 million tons of rice a year. Sugar Cane Sugarcane is included in both Rabi and Kharif Crops. It is an important cash crop of Pakistan. It is a type of long grass perennial in nature. It is the most important and cheapest source of refined sugar. Gur,Alcohol and Desi Shakkar are also prepared from Sugar cane.The left out stalk fibers (bagasse) are used in the paper industries. It is cultivated in the spring season and harvested in November-December. It is mostly cultivated in canal irrigated areas of Punjab, KPK and Sindh provinces. Cotton Cotton also known as the Silver Fiber is the most important cash crop of Pakistan. It is known to have been produced in the Indus plain since 3000 BC. Pakistan, ranks fifth in world cotton production and earns a large amount of foreign exchange from its export. It accounts for approximately one half of the all materials that are made into cloth and provides employment to 2/3rd of industrial labour force Cotton is a Kharif crop and is grown in canal irrigated areas of Punjab and Sindh and also in some parts of Baluchistan and KPK.

Solving Communication Problems: Reflective Essay

Solving Communication Problems: Reflective Essay PROBLEM SOLVING AMITA KHOWAJA JODY STONE Problems are at the center of which every day many people deal at their work. I got a chance to deal with a problematic event when I was on my shift, I was assigned with the client who was living with his family. My core responsibilities are to assist client in bath and in her daily living activities but the client want me to do house work and she want to take help from her daughter for the bath. The problem with this scenario is as per my job expectation I must assist client in all of her activities in order to make sure that the care she is receiving is safe and comfortable but my client is expecting from me to do more of the house work like vacuum, dust and wash the floor so that she will not feel like a burden on her son. The area for which she asked me to do housekeeping is mostly used by other family members. When I contact my supervisor, she advises me that my agency does not have a strict definition of light housekeeping but if I took any additional time to complete the work she cannot give me any extra wages for the additional time spend on the shift. So, I decided to solve this problem through problem solving process and I identify that the situation I am going through will affects me and my client because if I say no to my client it makes her upset and might be noncooperative with me which in future become a barrier in my communication level with the client as well as hinders in developing a therapeutic relationship with the client. If I say yes, then might be I will have required additional time and energy for it. Moreover, I will not be getting any extra wages for extra time. The situation will definitely make me concerned firstly, because the client want to take help from her daughter for her bath and I am not sure about the daughter willingness to give her bath furthermore, I am not sure if the daughter knows the skills, knowledge and techniques to give a safe and comfortable bath to the client. The time of the client bath may be a good time to do lot more observation and encouragement to make client independent as much as possible. The health care personals are well trained in performing that observations and encouragement. Client assessment starts from the scalp and proceed to the feet for any kind of abnormal skin condition, any lesions, swelling or any sign of altered circulation and then based upon that assessment appropriate interventions were planned. There is a lot more chances that the client daughter fail to do significant observations during the bath and missed any changes which risk the client health. My second concern is about client though ts that she doesnt want to feel like burden on her son so need to rule out the reasons behind it. The third concern is if I say yes to client for doing housekeeping then it will affect one of my social determinant of health that is employment and working condition. Intense working conditions and excessive hour of work cause me bodily pain, increase chances of injury and other physiological and psychological symptoms which ultimately affects my personal relationships. My client rather than asking her family members to do their home housekeeping she is asking me to do for her give me the impression that my client health determinant of social environment is also affected. Because of all these reasons I feel that the situation requires immediate attention to resolve the issue. I analyze the scenario and identify that the situation highlights the unknown, need to be identified problem where interventions are required to resolve the problem. The situation also highlights the affective problem where person emotions are significantly involved so my decision of saying no for housework to the client will greatly affect her emotions. According to Chaudhuri, A. (2014). A person job should be such that he/she can maintained a balance between important aspects of life. A person work should not increase stress level and he/she able to spend quality of time with family after job hours. On my end the scenario also highlights the work-related problem because my decision of saying yes hinders me in balancing my work and my family life.ÂÂ   Moreover, I also feel that there is an interpersonal communication gap between people involved in the scenario that are my client and her family members so, further digging is required in order to rule out the root causes of the p roblem. I will start handling the problem on my end by maintaining all the behavioral characteristics of communication and use the assertive style to reply my client. I will reply I can see that this is important to you, and it is also important to me as well. I am assigned here to deliver you as much as support but there are certain things which I cannot do such as vacuum, dusting of most of the area use by other family members. I understand that this will make you upset but we can talk more respectfully to each other to make the situation better for both of us. I appreciate if you discuss with me about what bothers you for not asking your family members to do the housekeeping of the house this will help me to resolve your problem. In this way, both of us maintained the respect and there is fewer chances of emotional outburst. I will further analyze the problem by asking questions from client about her family members to understand her family dynamics. I will ask the client about the education of her daughter to identify her literacy level, this will help me in understanding what level of teaching and information I need to deliver the daughter so that she can maintain safety of client during bath. I will ask the routine of her daughter to rule out her availability and willingness to give bath to the client. Moreover, I will ask client what kind of relationship other family members are having with my client and with each other, how frequently they sit together and spend time with each other, if my client want to share anything who is the most reliable person in the family with my client feel to share her problems and feelings this will help me understanding the social environment of the house. Additionally, I will ask client their source of income to identify the economic status of the family which will help me in sharing the option of hiring a housekeeper for few hours to do house work. I will develop an action plan to solve the problem by identifying several client needs for example as I was newly assigned staff with the client so she will be feeling anxious and worry working with me. In addition to it she is also facing difficulty communicating her true feelings and concerns with her other family members. There is also a need of division of household task among family members or need to hire any part time housekeeper for vacuum, dust and washing the floor. Besides, my clients daughter also need teaching about proper techniques of giving safe bath to the client. According to me the first priority is to reduce my client anxiety and apprehensions by properly orienting myself and my role, remain be calm and answer questions about the information which my client needed. This will create a positive significance and help in reassuring client that I am here to help her. In this way, my client move from negative emotional level to positive level and she feel comfortable and ready to work with health care member. My second priority is my client should get safe bath. My client want to take bath from her daughter so I will respect her decision and to complete this priority I will ask my client daughter if she is willing to give bath or not, if she is willing then I will have taught her all the safe techniques to be followed, and observation made about the client body for any kind of health-related issues during the bath. After teaching I, will supervise the daughter giving bath to my client to observe whether she is following the right techniques and p rovide feedback upon it. This will positively help in preventing my client from any health-related complications. My third priority will be to enhance communication among the family members. I will achieve this priority by focusing on my client by asking her questions about her children and other aspects of their personal lives, this give her message that I am interested in her as a people rather than as a client. Furthermore, encourage my client and her family members to be open to discuss issues, problems, thoughts and feelings with respect, love and trust. Spend quality time together so family relations become stronger and good communication will be enhanced among family members. They should equally and properly divide house work among each family members so burden will not be upon one member of the family. The positive consequence of good communication among family will help to efficiently cope with life challenges. I have chosen the above action plan because by doing proper assessment and observation during bath will help in early identification of health-related conditions and early consultation to the physicians, in this way my client physical health will be enhanced. By developing therapeutic relationship with client help client to adjust with change that is working with a new staff will enhance her emotional health. Additionally, good communication among family will also enhance emotional and social health by allowing self to cope with stress, help in learning, managing conditions and live in harmony. Mine occupational health will also be improved as I will get manageable work load. I will be evaluating my action plan by monitoring and discussing feedback with my client about the effectiveness of strategies that are discussed with the client and family members and their satisfaction level upon it. I will do conclusion by evaluating myself that what I have accomplished at the end and how this experience of solving problem develop me professionally. After resolving the scenario, I will report back to my supervisor about all the efforts that I have made to resolve the issues so that she can guide me about what I have done good and which aspects will be done differently in future. I will use my communication skills of pumping the negatives and owning to ask more about negative feedback which will give me more opportunity in order to modify my behaviors in future.

Most Despicable Character in Glengarry Glen Ross, by David Mamet :: Glengarry Glen Ross

The definition of a despicable character is someone who is so worthless or obnoxious as to rouse moral indignation. This definitely fits the description of some of the characters in the play Glengarry Glen Ross, by David Mamet.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Glengarry Glen Ross is a play about real estate salesmen who are basically conmen that always just work toward getting the deal closed, whether or not the customer is happy with the deal. They fit the stereotype of car salesmen, always trying to get the deal closed with the customer walking away feeling that they paid way too much. Dave Moss is one such salesman, except that he is the most despicable among the entire group. In a scene of the play this guy actually has the guts to try to blackmail one of his fellow salesmen; a fellow friend. The conversation starts out as would any among friends, bsing about work or not getting paid enough. Then Dave slowly introduces the topic that their bosses are greedy and selfish, to plant the seed of distrust. They talk about this for a bit but then get around to what â€Å"somebody should do.† Dave says that â€Å"someone† should pay them back, and this leads into robbing the office. He talks about the logistic s of this, that they would get a dollar fifty for each lead and such, but disarms the tense situation, saying that we were just â€Å"talking† about it. But he slowly leads into that he is actually planning on it, and wants Aaronow in on it. He then says that if he does it and Aaronow isn’t in then he would call him as an accomplice, trying to manipulate him into helping; a fellow friend. The best part of this blackmail is that not only is he going to rob his workplace, he’s going to sell out to another team of salesmen.

If There Were a Draft :: essays research papers

If There Were a Draft   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is complicated not to intelligently discuss the future of our military involvement with Iraq without the notion of a draft to arise. Although our presidential candidates and other government officials shun the issue of a draft and avidly display their negativity towards the idea, it is a feasible inquiry to ponder. What if there is indeed a draft? I, being a 16 year old student, know that if there ever is such a military draft, my particular age range would be in target for a good thirteen or fourteen years. I have contemplated the hypothetical scenario of myself, many years from now, being a mere 19-year old boy, opening a letter that summons me to take part in duty for my country; what would I do?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I can imagine myself opening that letter, and the feel of my young heart sinking into my chest. I am not made for war. I am not even made for football. I am not political and I certainly am not pro-war. I would see this call to arms as a call for the worst. Our country has finally had to fall upon scooping those who did not enlist out of there homes and into the arms of the great American machine of violence and destruction. Ultimately, I believe, there would be nothing for me to do. I would go. What are my other options? I would never leave or hide away. Whether it was legal or not, I would not run from a draft. Although I would never enlist, if my country asked me to go overseas, I believe that I would. I would go because there is a great deal of respect earned in becoming part of the military. In the long run, it would be much more beneficial to take part in it rather to run from it. To run, I feel, would be cowardly. Although I would be terrified, I would still go.

An Evaluation of the Performance of Three Different Mutual Funds Essay

Asset Allocation: Up to 95% of the Fund’s NAV will be invested in equities. Minimum of 5% of the Fund’s NAV will be invested in sukuk, Islamic debt instruments, Islamic money market instruments and/or liquid assets acceptable under Shariah principle Investment Strategy And Policy RHB Islamic Growth Fund is geared towards investors who look for Shariah compliant instruments that provide long term capital appreciation. The Fund will be mainly investing in public listed companies with growth potential,  sukuk, Islamic debt securities and other securities acceptable under the Shariah principles. Selection of equity investments of the Fund will be in line with those in the SC’s Shariah list which is updated and published twice a year. The External Investment Manager utilises a strategy that seeks attractively priced companies in undervalued sectors, or in sectors that have strong upward stock price momentum by seeking businesses that demonstrate strong increase in earnings per share and continue to strengthen their fundamental capabilities and competitive positions, amongst others. The Fund may invest in fixed income securities to preserve the value of the Fund under volatile market conditions. For fixed income securities, the Fund seeks investments amongst the Shariah compliant fixed income papers that are of investment grades. As such, the equities holding may be reduced. Performance Benchmark: FTSE Bursa Malaysia Emas Shariah Index. Securities may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular industries represented in the securities markets. The value of a security may decline due to general market conditions which are not specifically related to a particular company, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates or adverse investors’ sentiment generally. They may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries, such as labour shortages or increased production costs and competitive conditions within an industry. Equity securities generally have greater price volatility than The performance of each individual stock that a unit trust fund invests is dependent upon the management quality of the particular company and its growth potential. Hence, this would have an impact on the unit trust fund’s prices and its dividend income. RHBIAM aims to reduce all these risks by using diversification that is expected to reduce the volatility as well as the risk for the Fund’s portfolio. In addition, RHBIM will also perform continuous fundamental research and analysis to aid its active asset allocation management especially in its stock selection process. This risk is associated with investments that are quoted in foreign currency denomination. When an underlying fund is denominated in a foreign currency  which fluctuates unfavourably against the Ringgit, the investment in the Fund may face currency loss in addition to the capital gains/losses. This will lead to a lower NAV of the Fund. Currency risks could be mitigated on a two-pronged approach. Firstly by spreading the investable assets across differing currencies and secondly by utilising forward contracts to hedge the currencies if it is deemed as necessary to do so. Bond issuers may default or reschedule their repayment. When this occurs the value of the defaulted bond would fall and cause the NAV of the underlying fund to decline in a similar proportion. This risk can be mitigated by careful selection of bond funds and in any case this Fund only invests in bond funds that invest in investment grade bonds. The performance of equities and money market instruments held by the underlying funds are also dependent on company specific factors like the issuer’s business situation. If the company-specific factors deteriorate, the price of the specific security may drop significantly and permanently, possibly even regardless of an otherwise generally positive stock market trend. Risks include but are not limited to competitive operating environments, changing industry conditions and poor management. Since the Fund invests into funds managed by other fund houses, the Manager has no control over the respective fund houses’ investment technique, knowledge or management expertise. In the event of mismanagement, the NAV of the Fund which invests into the Target Funds would be affected negatively. Although the probability of such occurrences is far fetched, should the situation arise the Manager reserves the right to seek an alternative fund manager and/or other collective investment scheme that is consistent with the objective of the Fund. Any changes in national policies and regulations may have an effect on the capital markets in which the Target Funds are investing. If this occurs there is a possibility that the unit price of the Fund may be adversely affected. Since a large portion of the Fund’s NAV is invested in the Target Fund, investment into the Fund assumes the risks inherent in the respective Target Funds. The specific risks to investors when investing in the Fund include the following: Investment manager risk As this Fund invests at least 95% of its NAV in the Target Fund, it is subject to the risk associated with the investment manager of the Target  Fund. This is the risk associated with the following:- (i) The risk that the investment manager may under-perform the target or the benchmark of the Target Fund due to the investment manager making poor forecasts of the performances of securities, asset classes or markets; (ii) The risk of non-adherence to the investment objectives, strategy and policies of the Target Fund, which may occur due to system failure or the inadvertence of the investment manager; and  (iii) The risk of direct or indirect losses resulting from inadequate or failed operational and administrative processes, systems and people. RHBIM has no control over the investment manager’s investment strategy, techniques and capabilities, operational controls and management of the Target Fund. Any mismanagement of the Target Fund may negatively affect the NAV of the Fund. In the event of such occurrence, RHBIM would seek an alternative investment manager and/or other target fund that is consistent with the objective of the Fund. Market risk: The value of the instruments in which the Target Fund invests, may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual companies and/or prevailing economic conditions. Movement of overseas markets may also have an impact on the local markets. Currency risk: The Fund invests up to 95% of its NAV in the Target Fund denominated in USD. Fluctuation in foreign exchange rates will affect the value of the Fund’s foreign investments when converted into local currency and subsequently the value of Unit Holders’ investments. When USD moves unfavourably against the Ringgit, these investments will suffer currency losses. This is in addition to any capital gains or losses in the investment (please note that capital gains or losses in the Feeder Fund’s investment in the Target Fund is also exposed to currency gains or losses resulting from fluctuations in the foreign exchange rates between USD and the other currencies which the Target Fund may be e exposed to. RHBIM may utilise the hedging of currencies to mitigate this risk. Liquidity risk: The liquidity risk that exists at the Fund level is associated with the inability of the Target Fund to meet large redemption in a timely manner. In the event of large redemption request that would result in the total redemption shares in the Target Fund to be more than 10% of the shares in the Target Fund or a particular share class of the Target Fund, part or all of such requests for redemption may be deferred for a period typically not exceeding ten Target Fund Business Days. Regulatory risk: Any changes in national policies and regulations may have an effect on the capital markets in which the Target Fund is investing. If this occurs, there is a possibility that the unit price of the Fund may be adversely affected. Risk of Substantial Redemptions Substantial redemptions of shares within a limited period of time could require the Target Fund to liquidate positions more rapidly than would otherwise be desirable, which could adversely affect the value of the shares of the Target Fund. This risk may be exacerbated where an investment with a fixed life or where investments utilizing hedging techniques is made by the Target Fund. Suspension of NAV Calculation / Limitation of Redemption Payments The Umbrella Fund may in certain circumstances temporarily suspend the determination of the net asset value per share of the Target Fund or a specific share class of the Target Fund and the issue, redemption or exchange of shares or a particular share class in the Target Fund. As further described in the Target Fund Prospectus, if on any given date requests for redemption of shares relate to more than 10% of the shares in the Target Fund or a particular share class of the Target Fund, part or all of such requests for redemption may be deferr ed for a period typically not exceeding ten (10) Target Fund Business Days. CIMB Principal Equity fund Investment objective To provide investors with an opportunity to gain consistent and stable income by investing in a diversified portfolio of dividend yielding equities and fixed income securities. The Fund may also provide moderate capital growth potential over the medium to long term period. Any material changes to the investment objective of the Fund would require Unit holders’ approval. Benchmark As this Fund is an equity fund with up to 30% of its NAV in foreign equities, the benchmark of the Fund is a composite comprising 70% KLCI + 30% MSCI AC Asia ex Japan. The information on KLCI can be obtained from http://www.bursamalaysia.com and local national newspapers. The information on MSCI AC Asia ex Japan can be obtained from http://www.msci.com/overview/index.html and Bloomberg L.P. Investment policy and principal investment strategy The Fund may invest up to a maximum of 98% of its NAV in equities in order to gain long-term capital growth. The Fund may opt to invest in foreign equities up to a maximum of 30% of its NAV. In line with its objective, the investment policy and strategy of the Fund will be to invest in a diversified portfolio of high dividend yielding stocks and/or fixed income securities aimed at providing a stable income stream in the form of distributions to investors. The asset allocation strategy for this Fund is as follows:  up to 98% of the Fund’s NAV in a diversified portfolio of dividend yielding equities and/or fixed income securities; and at least 2% in liquid assets. The asset allocation will be reviewed periodically depending on the country’s economic and stock market outlook. The Manager will underweight/overweight equities and/or fixed income securities when necessary. CIMB-Principal combines a top-down asset and sector allocation process with a bottom-up stock selection process. The asset allocation decision is made after a  review of macroeconomic trends in Malaysia and other global economies. In particular, CIMB Principal analyzes the direction of GDP growth, interest rates, inflation, currencies and government policies. CIMB-Principal will then assess their impact on corporate earnings and determine if there are any predictable trends. These trends form the basis for sector selection. The criteria for stock selection would include stocks that have a medium term (2 to 5 years) dividend record or a yearly distribution policy. The Manager will also actively search for under-valued high dividend yielding stocks that may also offer promising long term capital appreciation. Stock valuation fundamentals considered are earnings per share growth rate, return on equity, price earnings ratio and net tangible assets multiples. As part of its risk management strategy, the Fund is constructed and managed within pre-determined guidelines. CIMB-Principal employs an active asset allocation strategy depending upon the equity market expectations. Where appropriate, the Manager will also employ an active trading strategy in managing the Fund. As this Fund is defensive in nature and designed to cater for the needs of more risk-averse equity investors, this Fund will serve well in bear market conditions. However, in bull market the Fund will underperform the market as the Manager will not take on more risk to divert into highly volatile aggressive stocks. Further, in times of adversity in equity markets and as part of its risk management strategy, CIMB-Principal may from time to time reduce its proportion of higher risk assets, such as equities and increase its asset allocation to lower risk assets, such as debentures and liquid assets, to safeguard the investment portfolio of the Fund provided that such investments are within the investment objective of the Fund. When deemed necessary, the Manager may also utilize derivative instruments, subject to the SC Guidelines, for purposes such as hedging. The Manager has appointed CIMB-Principal (S), as the Sub-Manager for the foreign investments of this Fund with the approval of the SC and the Trustee. CIMB-Principal (S) will be responsible for investing and managing these foreign investments in accordance with the investment objective and within the investment restrictions. All costs of this appointment will be borne by the Manager to ensure no additional fee is levied on the Unit holders of this Fund. The Fund may invest in foreign markets where the regulatory authorities are members of the International Organisation of Securities Commissions (IOSCO). The Fund’s investments in foreign markets will be subject to the limit set by BNM and any conditions imposed by the SC from time to time. Currently, the Fund’s holding in foreign investments will not exceed 30% of its NAV. The Sub-Manager may invest beyond this limit provided the approvals are obtained from the relevant authorities (where necessary) and any increase will be reflected in a supplementary prospectus (if deemed necessary). Notwithstanding the aforesaid, the Sub-Manager may decide not to invest in foreign securities as may be agreed upon by the Manager from time to time. Balanced fund Investment objective: To grow the value of investment over the long term through a diversified portfolio with equity and fixed income securities. Any material changes to the investment objective of the Fund would require Unit holders’ approval. Benchmark: As this Fund may invest up to 60% of it NAV in equities with the balance in fixed income securities, the benchmark of the Fund is a composite comprising 60% KLCI + 40% CIMB Bank 1-month Fixed Deposit Rate. The information on KLCI can be obtained from http://www.bursamalaysia.com and local national newspapers. The information on CIMB Bank 1-month Fixed Deposit Rate can be obtained from CIMB Bank website (www.cimbbank.com.my). Investment policy and principal investment strategy The Fund aims to invest in a diversified portfolio of equities and fixed income investments. In line with its objective, the investment policy and strategy of the Fund will be to maintain a balanced portfolio between equities and fixed income investments in the ratio of 60:40. The fixed income portion of the Fund is to provide some capital stability to the Fund whilst the equity portion will provide the added return in a rising market. The investments by the Fund in equity securities shall not exceed 60% of the NAV of the Fund and investments in fixed income securities and liquid assets shall not be less than 40% of the NAV of the Fund with a minimum rating of â€Å"BBB3† or â€Å"P3† by RAM or equivalent rating by MARC, Moody’s, S&P or Fitch. The asset allocation strategy for this Fund is as follows: the equity securities will not exceed 60% of the Net Asset Value of the Fund; investments in fixed income securities and liquid assets shall not be less than 40% of the NAV of the Fund; and at all times, at least 2% of the NAV of the Fund must be maintained in liquid assets. The asset allocation will be reviewed periodically depending on the country’s economic and stock market outlook. In a rising market, the 60% limit may be breached. However, the Manager will seek to adjust this within a time frame approved by the Trustee. CIMB-Principal will adopt an active trading strategy and is therefore especially selective in the buying and selling of securities for the Fund. For the fixed income portion, CIMB-Principal formulates the interest rate outlook by considering factors such as the Malaysian inflation rate, monetary policies and economic growth. With an interest rate outlook and yield curve analysis, CIMB-Principal identifies the weighting of the investment tenor and credit fo r the Fund. In the unlikely event of a credit rating downgrade, the investment manager reserves the right to deal with the security in the best interest of the Unit holders. As active fund managers, CIMB-Principal has in place flexible tolerance limits to cater to such situations. CIMB-Principal can for example, continue to hold the downgraded security if the immediate disposal of the security would not be in the best interest of the Unit holders. For the equities portion, CIMB-Principal combines a top-down asset and sector allocation process with a bottom-up stock selection process. The asset allocation decision is made after a review of macroeconomic trends in Malaysia and other global economies. In particular, CIMB-Principal analyzes the direction of GDP growth, interest rates, inflation, currencies and government policies. CIMB Principal will then assess their impact on corporate earnings and determine if there are any predictable trends. These trends form the basis for sector selection. Sto ck selection is based on the growth style of equity investing. As such, the criteria for stock selection would include improving fundamentals and growth at reasonable valuations. Stock valuation fundamentals considered are earnings per share growth rate, return on equity, price earnings ratio and net tangible assets multiples. As part of its risk management strategy, the Fund is constructed and managed within pre-determined guidelines. Essentially, CIMB Principal employs an active asset allocation strategy  depending upon the equity market expectations, and at the same time monitors the bond portfolio according to three (3) parameters: tenor, credit ratings and sector. The duration of the bond portfolio is also monitored and modified according to the Manager’s interest rate outlook (i.e. the sensitivity of the portfolio to interest rate changes). In response to adverse conditions and as part of its risk management strategy, CIMB-Principal may from time to time reduce its proportion of higher risk assets, such as equities and increase its asset allocation to lower risk assets, such as debentures and liquid assets, to safeguard the investment portfolio of the Fund provided that such investments are within the investment objective of the Fund. Additionally, for investments in debt markets, the Manager may reduce holdings in longer tenured assets and channel these monies into shorter-term interest bearing deposits. When deemed necessary, the Manager may also utilize derivative instruments, subject to the SC Guidelines, for purposes such as hedging. Bond fund Investment objective: The objective of CIMB-Principal Bond Fund is to provide regular income as well as to achieve medium to long term capital appreciation through investments primarily in Malaysian bonds. Any material changes to the investment objective of the Fund would require Unit holders’ approval. Benchmark: The benchmark of the Fund is the RAM Quant shop MGS Bond Index (Medium Sub-Index). Information on the benchmark can be obtained from http://www.quantshop.com Investment policy and principal investment strategy Up to 98% of the Fund’s NAV may be invested in debentures carrying at least an â€Å"A3† or â€Å"P2† rating by RAM or equivalent rating by MARC, Moody’s, S&P or Fitch. The rest of the Fund is maintained in the form of liquid assets to meet any redemption payments to Unit holders. In line with its objective, the investment strategy and policy of the Fund is to invest in a diversified portfolio of approved fixed income securities consisting primarily of bonds, aimed to provide a steady stream of income. The asset allocation for the  Fund is as follows: †¢ up to 98% in debentures and other permissible investments; and †¢ at least 2% in liquid assets. The asset allocation strategy will be reviewed periodically depending on the country’s economic and bond market outlook. CIMB Principal will adopt an active trading strategy and will be especially selective in the buying and selling of securities for the Fund. CIMB-Principal formulates an interest rate outlook through examining factors such as the Malaysian inflation rate, monetary policies and economic growth. With an interest rate outlook and yield curve analysis, CIMB-Principal identifies the weighting of the investment tenor and credit for the Fund. In the unlikely event of a credit rating downgrade, the Manager reserves the right to deal with the security in the best interest of the unit holders. As active fund managers, CIMB-Principal has in place flexible tolerance limits to cater to such situations. CIMB Principal can for example, continue to hold the downgraded security if the immediate disposal of the security would not be in the best interest of the unit holders. As part of its risk management strategy, the Fund is constructed and managed within pre-determined guidelines. Essentially, CIMB Principal monitors the bond portfolio according to three (3) parameters: tenor, credit ratings and sector. The duration of the bond portfolio is also monitored and modified according to the Manager’s interest rate outlook (i.e. the sensitivity of the portfolio to interest rate changes). In response to adverse conditions and as part of its risk management strategy, CIMB-Principal may reduce holdings in longer tenured assets and channel these monies into shorter-term interest bearing deposits. The Manager may also from time to time invest in liquid assets to safeguard the investment portfolio of the Fund provided that such investments are within the investment objective of the Fund. When deemed necessary, the Manager may also utilize derivative instruments, subject to the SC Guidelines for purposes such as hedging. Invesco Asia Infrastructure Fund (â€Å"the Target Fund†) is a sub-fund of Invesco Funds (the â€Å"SICAV†). The SICAV is incorporated as a socià ©tà © anonyme under the laws of the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg and qualifies as an open-ended socià ©tà © d’investissement à   capital variable. The SICAV is authorized as an undertaking for collective  investment in transferable securities under the law of 20th December, 2002. The SICAV was incorporated in Luxembourg on 31st July, 1990. The Directors of the SICAV are responsible for the management and administration of the SICAV and for its overall investment policy. The Directors of the SICAV have appointed Invesco Management S.A. as management company to be responsible on a day to day basis under the supervision of the Directors, for providing administration, marketing, investment management and advice services in respect of all Invesco Funds. Invesco Management S.A. has delegated the investment management services to Invesco Hong Kong Limited (â€Å"Invesco Hong Kong†), who has discretionary investment management powers in respect of the Target Fund. Invesco Management S.A. was incorporated as a â€Å"socià ©tà © anonyme† under the laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg on 19th September 1991 and its articles of incorporation are deposited with the Luxembourg Registre de Commerce et des Socià ©tà ©s. Invesco Management S.A. is approved as a management company regulated by chapter 13 of the 2002 Law. As at December 2007, its capital amounts to USD 3,840,000 and the Directors of the SICAV are also composing the board of director s of Invesco Management S.A. Invesco Management S.A. shall ensure compliance of the SICAV with the investment restrictions and oversee the implementation of the SICAV’s strategies and investment policy. Invesco Management S.A. shall send reports to the Directors of the SICAV on a quarterly basis and inform each board member without delay of any noncompliance of the Company with the investment restrictions. J.P. Morgan Bank Luxembourg S.A. (â€Å"JPMorgan†) has been appointed as the Custodian of the assets of the SICAV which will be held either directly by JPMorgan or through correspondents, nominees, agents or delegates of JPMorgan. J.P. Morgan was incorporated as a socià ©tà © anonyme incorporated on 16th May, 1973 and has its registered office at 6, route de Trà ¨ves, L-2633 Senningerberg, Grand- Duchy of Luxembourg. Investment objective and policy The Target Fund aims to achieve long term capital growth from investments in a diversified portfolio of Asian securities of issuers which are predominantly engaged in infrastructure activities. At least 70% of the total assets of the Target Fund (without taking into account ancillary  liquid assets) shall be invested in equity and debt securities denominated in any convertible currency issued by Asian companies predominantly active in the infrastructure sector. â€Å"Asian companies† shall mean companies listed in an Asian stock market and having their registered office in an Asian country or established in other countries but carrying out their business activities predominantly in Asia or holding companies investing predominantly in equity of companies having their registered office in an Asian country. Up to 30% of the total assets of the Target Fund may be invested in aggregate in cash and cash equivalents, money market instruments, equity and equity related instruments o r debt securities (including convertible debt) issued by companies or other entities not meeting the above requirement. Invesco Hong Kong is an active manager combining bottom-up and top-down multi-factor analysis, although they have a strong focus on bottom-up stock selection where they believe it can add value. The investment universe mainly includes companies in the Asia Pacific ex-Japan region that are principally engaged in infrastructure-related activities, including companies that are involved in providing the foundation of basic services, facilities and institutions upon which the growth and development of a community depends. In addition, ‘soft’ infrastructure that includes financial support (e.g. project financing from investment banks) and maintenance support (e.g. management of communication networks) also fall into this definition. Broadly speaking, infrastructure can be classified as but is not limited to: Economic Infrastructure – to support the long term growth of the economy. These assets have a long operating life and strong monopoly position. Examples: roads, airports and ports. Utilities – to provide essential services for the community. Examples: gas/ energy/ electricity generation, distribution and retailing, water distribution and waste treatment. Social Infrastructure – to provide public sector facilities for the society. This sector has emerged as governments have embraced the public private partnership concept in order to encourage operation efficiency. Examples: train stations, hospitals, schools and stadiums. Commercial infrastructure – private sector initiatives to cater for technology advancement. Examples: satellites, cable networks and renewable power plants. For the purpose of this Fund, the Manager will be investing in Class C of the Target Fund. As at LPD, only Accumulation Shares  are available for this share class. Investors holding Accumulation Shares will not receive any distributions. Instead, the income due to them will be rolled up to enhance the value of the Accumulation Shares.

Importance Of Effective Communication With Patients In A Healthcare Setting

IntroductionThis paper will address the importance of communicating effectively in a healthcare setting. It is extremely important that physicians and all medical staff communicate with patients. Communication is how medical staff, physicians and patients find out vital information.The medical staff learns information about the patient and the reason for the visit. The physician learns more about the patient through conversation and addresses the reason for the visit. The patient learns information about the issues that are going on with him or her and how to go about solving the issues.This can be considered a type of ongoing chain reaction. Everyone should communicate effectively with one another because without proper communication, we do not gain any knowledge. Healthcare facilities can use improvement in the communications area.There are ways to implement effective communication skills. Communication is a key factor in the healthcare field. Clinical or medical staff and physicia ns should communicate more effectively with patients. Having poor communication skills can cause serious issues between health care staff and providers.â€Å"Poor communication skills within a health care setting can result in misunderstanding and faulty decisions that could adversely affect a patient’s health and well-being† (Ponte 2011). Poor Communication [Communication failure is a huge contributor in clinical outcomes.A major part of information flow comes from communication between health care workers. Communication errors were found to be the main cause of hospital deaths. Communication infrastructure influences communication behavior within organizations.Interruptive communication is one of the negative behaviors observed in poor communication (Parker & Coiera 2000). Poor communication can be turned into a positive behavior by adopting steps to communicate more effectively.Poor communications can affect a patient’s health and well-being. Poor communicati on can also lead to provider and patient frustration. Having strong communication skills is a must for new practitioners. Written words are a source of poor communication. Getting help from mentors about how to be a good communicator would be a great idea (Ponte 2011).Keeping a patient from becoming frustrated with a physician or a medical staff member can be handled properly if everyone communicates effectively with one another. When explaining things to a patient, it is best to make sure the patient fully understands everything.There are additional steps one can take to help a patient understand and that could be as simple as giving out a brochure or pamphlet about the issue(s) or even giving the patient printed out documents that the patient can read. Also, addressing any questions and concerns the patient may have can be a type of effective communication.Patient satisfaction can go a long way and if the patient is satisfied then the chances of that patient returning is high. ] C ommunication Importance [The article from http://www. apa. org tells why it is so important for patients to communicate with physicians.Sometimes patients hold back from asking questions. Also, some feel intimidated so therefore they don’t really talk with the physician. Sharing information is an important component of health care. Research indicates that effective communication is tied to positive medical outcomes (Weir 2012).Some patients may be a little shy to talk with the physician about health concerns. If proper communication skills are used then the physician may be able to communicate with the patient to get him or her to open up and talk about the health problems.Gaining the sense of trust can help make a patient feel more comfortable. In order to determine what may be going on with your body you need to be able to communicate with the physician. The article from the Journal of the American Medical Association tells how some patients experience issues with physician s not listening because they are often too busy.Effective communication with patients can take time, but it also requires that physicians take the time to listen closely to each patient. Some medical schools and residency programs don’t provide enough education about effective communication skills.However, medical education on student and residency levels requires major efforts to enhance communication skills while in school. Even though science and technology has advanced over the past few decades the best medical care consists of knowledge in science and communication skills (Levinson & Pizzo 2011).Not only is communication important, listening is important as well. One must first listen in order to communicate effectively with a patient about any issues or concerns. â€Å"But the core skill of good communication is listening† (Handzo 2012).Some physicians do make you feel like they are rushing you to leave the office and some act like they are in a hurry for somethi ng more important. No one wants to go to a doctor's office or a hospital to receive care and feel like they were just there for nothing. Making a patient feel important and respected should be a priority.Listening and Understanding [Communication is key, but sometimes easier said than done. Using words that patients understand is a big deal. You want to make sure to use words a patient can understand so that they actually do fully understand what you are saying.Listening is a core skill for good communication, but good listening is about having a good understanding. Patients want to be listened to and most of all respected (Handzo 2012). Patients are more likely to understand their health problems if they can understand their doctors.A physician’s relationship with each patient is built on effective communication (Travaline, Ruchinskas, and D’Alonzo 2005). Verbal and nonverbal communication are both necessary in health care. A physician who can effectively communicate bad news with a patient in a compassionate manner will be able to improve and strengthen their patient-physician relationship.It is important for a physician to be able to communicate both positive and negative news with a patient (Travaline, Ruchinskas, and D’Alonzo 2005). Conclusion [In conclusion, communication is very important.Listening is also important because you must listen in order to communicate. In healthcare, communication plays a major role. Everyone, including medical staff, physicians and patients must communicate effectively with one another.Poor communication can create errors and misunderstanding. Having a good understanding about your health is important. If a patient does not fully understand something, there are ways to help them understand such giving the patient a pamphlet that covers more information about the issue(s) he or she is having. Effective communication can go a long way in the healthcare field.